| Analyze
|
Analyze is to study or determine the nature and
relationship of the parts of something by looking closely at it. |
| Anticarcinogenic
|
Anticarcinogenic means cancer fighting.
|
| Antioxidant
|
Antioxidants are substances that prevent or slow
oxidation. Research shows that some antioxidants can prevent
cell damage. Antioxidants neutralize free radicals by donating
an electron to end the "stealing" reaction.
Antioxidants do not become free radicals themselves because they
are stable with or without the electron they donate. They are
scavengers that help to prevent cell and tissue damage that may
eventually lead to disease.
|
| Atherosclerosis
|
Atherosclerosis is a common degenerative
disease in which your arteries become blocked due to cholesterol
buildup. This condition may lead to a heart attack, coronary
heart disease, or a stroke.
|
| Atom
|
Atoms are made of more than one element joined by
chemical bonds. Atoms have a nucleus, neutrons, protons, and
electrons. Atoms want to remain stable and do so by sharing
electrons with other atoms.
|
| Bioavailable
|
Bioavailable refers to how much and how fast a
substance such as lycopene is absorbed and ready for use by the
body.
|
| Cancer
|
Cancer is a disease that occurs when normal cells
become abnormal and keep dividing and multiplying. Unlike normal
cells which reproduce only when needed, cancer cells are
atypical in structure and do not have specialized functions.
They compete with normal cells for nutrients, eventually killing
normal tissues. When these cancerous cells keep dividing without
need, they form masses of tissue called tumors. Tumors may be
benign or malignant, malignant meaning cancerous.
|
| Carotenoid
|
Carotenoids are the naturally occurring compounds
in plants and vegetables that give them their color. The human
body cannot produce carotenoids. Lycopene is the most powerful
antioxidant among all in the carotenoid family.
|
| Cell
Membrane
|
Cell membranes are semi-permeable layers that
surround the cell and hold the cell together.
|
| Cell
Wall
|
Cell walls encompass and support plant cells. They
are hard, permeable, and nonliving.
|
| Cell
|
Cells are the smallest units of living matter that are
capable of functioning independently. Cells are made of more
than one molecule.
|
| Centriole
|
Centrioles are cellular organelles that are found
more often in animal cells. Centrioles lie next to the nucleus
and are important during cell division.
|
| Cervix
|
The cervix is the outer end of a woman's uterus.
Cervical cancer is the second most common form of cancer in
women. |
| Chloroplast
|
Chloroplasts are organelles found only in plants.
They contain chlorophyll and host photosynthesis.
|
| Cholesterol
|
Cholesterol is a fat-related steroid that is
essential to human cells, but in excess amounts may cause
serious disease.
|
| Chronic
Disease
|
Chronic diseases are ones that last for a
long time, maybe even all your life. Cancer and coronary heart
disease are chronic.
|
| Cilia
|
Cilia are short hairs that extend out of cells. They
are capable of lashing around and propelling unicellular
organisms.
|
| Communicable
|
Communicable refers to diseases that are
contagious and can be passed from one person to another.
|
| Condiment
|
Condiments are products that add flavor to food.
Ketchup is the most popular condiment.
|
| Coronary
Heart Disease
|
Coronary heart disease is the result
of clogged coronary arteries. When these arteries get filled
with fat, they cannot transport blood to the heart. This disease
tends to be hereditary and is very common in North America.
|
| Cwt
|
Cwt. is a hundred weight, or weight in hundreds of
pounds. For example, 1 ton is 2000 lbs, which is equal to 20
Cwt. So a crop of tomatoes that weighs 14 tons (which is 14 *
2000 lbs, or 28,000 lbs) would be equal to 280 Cwt. At least
that is in the United States. In the British system
hundredweight is 112 lbs. Go figure. Anyway, Cwt in the U.S. is
called short hundredweight, while Cwt in the British system is
called long hundredweight.
|
| Cytoplasm
|
Cytoplasm is the substance that exists outside of
the nucleus and cushions all of the cell's organelles.
|
| Degeneration
|
Biological degeneration refers to a structural
or compositional change in a tissue or organ that prevents the
tissue or organ from doing its job. Although the causes of
degeneration in the human body are often unknown, malnutrition
and stress play a role.
|
| Deoxyribonucleic
Acid |
DNA is nucleic acid found in a cell's
nucleus. It serves as a blueprint for the body because it is the
mechanism of heredity.
|
| Diseases
|
Diseases are abnormalities of function and structure
in organisms.
|
| Enzymes
|
Enzymes are proteins that are a product of cells.
Enzymes help the body function by breaking down other proteins
into simpler molecules.
|
| Electron
|
Electrons are particles with a negative charge that
float around an atom. They float in orbits called shells. If the
outermost shell is not full, then electrons may chemically
react.
|
|
Fat-soluble
|
Fat-soluble substances are capable of being
dissolved in fats.
|
|
Flagella
|
Flagella are organs that produce movement in
microorganisms.
|
|
Free
Radical
|
Free radicals are aggressive atoms or molecules
that cause permanent damage when they react with cell
components. They are highly reactive because they have unpaired
electrons. Free radicals attack the nearest stable molecule and
"steal" its electron, thereby oxidizing the molecule.
Research shows that free radicals are associated with premature
aging and the degenerative diseases.
|
|
Functional
Food
|
Functional foods contain, either naturally or
added, a substance that provides health benefits beyond its
nutritional value. Tomatoes are a functional food.
|
|
Gene
|
Genes are sequences of DNA that are located on
chromosomes. Genes are units of inheritance, meaning they
control the expression of traits.
|
|
Genealogy
|
Genealogy is the study of a family's descent from
ancestors.
|
|
Golgi
Body
|
Golgi bodies are cellular organelles that lie in
the cytoplasm. They work to move proteins throughout the cell.
|
|
Haiku
|
Haiku is a form of Japanese poetry that does not rhyme.
Haiku poetry always has three lines of verse, with strict rules
on the numbers of syllables for each line. The first line has
five, the second line has seven, and the last line has five
syllables.
|
|
Heart
Attack
|
Heart attacks occur when a coronary artery is
completely blocked and a portion of the heart muscle is left
without a supply of oxygenated blood. If the portion is large
enough, the heart attack may be deadly.
|
|
Hereditary
|
Hereditary is a principle stating that certain
traits are passed from parents to their children.
|
|
High
Density Lipoprotein
|
HDL is "good" cholesterol
because it disposes of excess cholesterol, which tends to clog
arteries. Therefore, HDL may aid in protecting from heart
disease.
|
|
Homogenized
|
Homogenized products are smooth and thoroughly
mixed.
|
|
Hypothesis
|
A hypothesis is an idea or concept concerning an
observable event and its possible explanation.
|
|
Illness
|
Illnesses occur when the body or mind is not healthy.
|
|
Low
Density Lipoprotein
|
LDL is "bad" cholesterol
because it transports and deposits cholesterol throughout the
body. High LDL levels may produce clogged arteries.
|
|
Lycopene
|
Lycopene are powerful antioxidants that fight free
radicals in the human body. Lycopene are carotenoid pigments that
make fruits and vegetables red.
|
|
Lycopersicon
esculenti
|
The Latin and scientific name of
tomatoes. Lycopersicon refers to the genus and esculenti
refers to the species.
|
|
Lycopersicon
lycopersicum
|
The Latin and scientific name
of tomatoes. Species' names may vary because there are many
different kinds of tomatoes.
|
|
Lysosome
|
Lysosomes are enzyme-filled sacs that lie in a cell's
cytoplasm.
|
|
Mitochondrion
|
Mitochondria are cellular organelles that lie
outside the nucleus and produce energy for the cell through
cellular respiration.
|
|
Molecule
|
Molecules are made of more than one atom joined
together by the sharing of electrons.
|
|
Neutron
|
Neutrons are uncharged particles that are located in
the nucleus. They have a mass equal to that of the proton.
|
|
Noncommunicable
|
Noncommunicable refers to diseases that are not
contagious and therefore cannot be passed from one person to
another.
|
|
Nucleus
|
Nuclei are cellular organelles enclosed in a membrane.
They manage the functions of cells.
|
|
Organ
|
Organs are made of many tissues that work together to
perform a specific function in the organism.
|
|
Oxidation
|
Oxidation is when, during a chemical reaction, atoms
or molecules lose electrons.
|
|
Oxidative
Stress
|
Oxidative stress is a process in which the
amount of free radicals increases, subsequent cell damage occurs,
and disease results. This means that the body is not maintaining
its healthy antioxidant protection.
|
|
Pasteurization
|
Pasteurization is a process in which a product
is heated to a high enough temperature so as to kill
microorganisms that cause disease.
|
|
Phytochemical
|
Phytochemicals are naturally occurring substances
in plants. Some phytochemicals are chemopreventives - meaning they
help prevent cancer. Carotenoids are phytochemicals.
|
|
Pigment
|
Pigments are substances that cause materials to have
color.
|
|
Prevalence
|
Prevalence measures the number of cases of a certain
disease in a population.
|
|
Prostate
|
The prostate is a gland found at the base of the
bladder in males. Prostate cancer is the second highest cause of
cancer-related deaths in men.
|
|
Proton
|
Protons are particles with a positive charge that are
located in the nucleus. The number of protons an atom has
determines the number of electrons it has.
|
|
Recommended Daily
|
RDA is a dietary guideline prescribed by the Allowance U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
|
|
Ribosome
|
Ribosomes are RNA-containing granules that lie in
the cytoplasm. They are the sites of protein synthesis.
|
|
Tissue
|
Tissues are made of many similar cells and serve as
the structure of plants and animals.
|
|
Vacuole
|
Vacuoles are fluid-filled sacs that lie in the cell's
cytoplasm.
|
